BankConductIndex

Issues ›

Unauthorised transaction

Payments the customer says they did not authorise at all, including card and account takeover.

8,408banking decisions on this issue
26.7%upheld where an outcome is recorded
37firms with 20+ decisions here

Rules the ombudsman applied

Derived from the rules actually cited in these decisions, ranked by how often they appear — not from an editorial view of which rules matter.

Payment Services Regulations 2017 · cited in 1,839

Governs how payment firms must handle authorised and unauthorised payments, including liability for unauthorised transactions.

Read the instrument

Consumer Credit Act 1974 · cited in 343

Consumer credit rights, including Section 75 joint liability for card purchases.

Read the instrument

FCA DISP (Dispute Resolution) · cited in 77

How firms must handle complaints and how the Ombudsman decides them.

Read the instrument

Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 · cited in 35

The statute that creates the FCA and the Financial Ombudsman Service.

Read the instrument

CRM Code (APP scam reimbursement) · cited in 27

Voluntary code on reimbursing victims of authorised push payment scams, superseded for in-scope payments by the PSR requirement.

Read the instrument

FCA Consumer Duty (PRIN 2A) · cited in 20

Requires firms to deliver good outcomes for retail customers.

Read the instrument

Which firms lose on this

FirmDecisionsUpheldUphold rate
Bank of Scotland Plc5236813.0%
Santander UK Plc50712123.9%
National Westminster Bank Plc4756012.6%
Barclays Bank UK PLC4647516.2%
Barclays Bank Plc4589320.3%
Lloyds Bank PLC4566113.4%
Nationwide Building Society3108126.1%
HSBC Bank plc2483112.5%
MONZO BANK LIMITED2406125.4%
TSB Bank plc2275022.0%
HSBC UK Bank Plc2265223.0%
Revolut Limited1996934.7%
Metro Bank PLC963435.4%
Tesco Personal Finance Limited802531.3%
Capital One (Europe) plc721115.3%
NewDay Ltd703042.9%
MBNA Limited69913.0%
Starling Bank Limited692029.0%
Clydesdale Bank Plc672029.9%
J.P. Morgan Europe Limited613150.8%
Co-operative Bank Financial Advisers Limited561425.0%
Advanced Payment Solutions Limited524484.6%
Vanquis Bank Limited512039.2%
Halifax Limited4648.7%
American Express Services Europe Limited381436.8%
PayPal Europe Sarl & Cie, SCA361644.4%
Lloyds TSB Bank Plc3425.9%
Wise Payments Limited29827.6%
PayPal UK Ltd29620.7%
NATIONAL WESTMINSTER BANK PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANY291034.5%
PrePay Technologies Limited271555.6%
Bank of Ireland (UK) Plc26726.9%
ClearBank Limited241979.2%
PayrNet Limited242291.7%
Sainsbury's Bank Plc231043.5%
PayPal Sarl & Cie, SCA21523.8%
Loans Direct UK Limited2020100.0%

Firms with fewer than 20 decisions on this issue are excluded — the rate would not mean anything.

In the ombudsman’s words

Mr S is unhappy that Barclays Bank Plc has allowed a company to take money from his account.
— decision DRN9998681, Barclays. It
without her authority, Barclays Bank PLC cancelled a direct debit
— decision DRN9994075, Barclays Bank PLC
Mr M complains that Secret Eye Limited, trading as The Finance Facility, has taken money from his bank account without his authorisation.
— decision DRN9993279, Secret Eye Limited
He complains that Barclays Bank Plc sent money from his late mother’s account without suitable authority.
— decision DRN9992153

Quotes are shown only where the exact wording was verified against the decision text.

The US counterpart

The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) runs a separate complaint database for American consumers. We map its issue labels onto this issue ourselves — the CFPB does not — and the two datasets are not comparable: UK figures above are ombudsman decisions with an adjudicated outcome, while these are complaints made to a US regulator, most of which are never adjudicated. A count of one is not a count of the other, so no rate, percentage or ratio is calculated between them.

The CFPB recorded 7,485 complaints mapped to this issue, received between February 2024 and October 2026, across all US consumer financial products.

Most common CFPB issue labels within this mapping:

Unauthorized transactions or other transaction problem — 7,485 complaints

Source: CFPB Consumer Complaint Database, not scoped to banking — the CFPB’s complaint categories span all consumer financial products, not just banking.